Whenever people are getting paid, or earning money, the IRS wants to know about it!
They have created a variety of forms to do just that. Just like a w-2 form is used to track an employee paycheck, 1099s are used to report other kinds of income.
Most often, when people say 1099, they are referring to a 1099-MISC. (Starting in 2020, 1099-NEC will be used instead.)
This refers to miscellaneous income—which is any time someone is paid for a service, and they are NOT an employee. For example, let's say Molly starts to teach yoga at her neighborhood studio, just one time a week. They pay her for each class, but do NOT hire her as an employee. At the end of the year, they would report all her earnings on a 1099-MISC.
As a self-employed person, it's common to both give and receive 1099s
For example, if you hire a photographer to do headshots for your website, or a designer to create a logo for you, or a bookkeeper to help you out, you'd likely have to give them 1099-MISCs at the end of the year. (More on criteria below.)
If you provide a service to someone or a business, then you would receive a 1099-MISC, if you meet the criteria.
[Note ~ 1099-MISCs have a partner form, the w-9. It's used to get someone's tax id number, either their social security number or employee identification number. Read more about w-9s here. (Coming soon.)]
The term 1099 + how the cool kids use it
It's important to know that there are a variety of 1099 forms, all with different suffixes and different purposes. For example, you might have gotten a 1099-INT from your bank. The INT refers to interest. Also, sometimes people use the term as a verb or adjective, as in – Did you have to 1099 him? Or, is it a 1099 job? I think this is part of being the cool kids, but I could be mistaken... ;)
Criteria, or, when to involve a 1099-MISC
For our purposes, we involve a 1099-MISC when...
- An independent contractor...
- Earns over $600 in one year...
- For service work.
To read about more situations, click here to read about 1099-MISCs on the irs.gov site.
Any time an individual—who's not an employee—is paid for a service, they are considered an independent contractors (IC). Sole proprietors and single-member LLCs are both considered ICs. It can also be a person without a business license, such as a neighborhood teen who mows your lawn all year round.
Some things to know ~
• You can order the 1099-MISC forms from the IRS for free, or you can purchase at office supply stores.
• Order or purchase these early! They can run out. Add to your November or early December calendar.
• If you fill out by hand, they will be carbon forms.